Seasonal influenza, also known as the flu, is a viral infection that affects the respiratory tract. It is a highly contagious disease that is transmitted through respiratory secretions, such as saliva and mucus, from infected individuals, and it can be spread through close contact, such as sneezing or coughing on someone or touching a surface or object contaminated with the virus and then touching your face.
Symptoms of seasonal influenza include:
- Fever
- Cough
- Sore throat
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Body aches
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting (more common in children)
In severe cases, seasonal influenza can lead to complications, such as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and organ failure. In severe cases, seasonal influenza can be fatal.
Diagnosis of seasonal influenza is typically based on the presence of symptoms and a laboratory test to confirm the presence of the virus.
There is no specific treatment for seasonal influenza, and treatment is typically based on the severity of the illness. It includes medications to control symptoms, such as fever and pain, and supportive care, such as oxygen therapy and fluids to prevent dehydration. Antiviral medications, such as oseltamivir and zanamivir, can be used to treat seasonal influenza and is be more effective if started early in the course of the illness.
Seasonal influenza can be prevented through vaccination with the flu vaccine. The flu vaccine is typically recommended for everyone over the age of 6 months, with certain exceptions. It is also important to practice good hygiene, such as washing your hands frequently and covering your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze, to help prevent the spread of the disease. If you are experiencing symptoms of seasonal influenza or have been exposed to infected individuals, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. Follow the recommendations of your healthcare provider and public health officials to help protect yourself and others from seasonal influenza.
